Fuente: www.karate-jutsu.net
por Michael Clarke.
Hojo Undo: entrenando con aparatos.
En una època en la que el entramiento de Karate lo ven algunos como una carrera, y otros como un pasatiempo familiar, muchos de los métodos más antiguos y tradicionales han dejado de usarse, y han sido reemplazados en muchas ocasiones por un entretenimiento físico. Pero en los dojo de Okinawa y en unos pocos dojo por el mundo, donde los karateka siguen adheridos a la tradición, todavía perduran los métodos de entrenamiento que desafían a los artistas marciales. Uno de esos métodos es el hojo undo, que significa entrenamiento suplementario; y dentro de esta categoría se encuentra el kigu undo, el entrenamiento con herramientas o implementos diseñados para probar la tenacidad y el aguante física y mental del karateka. En una confrontación de cualquier tipo, la debilidad será seguramente explotada. Así que es mejor descubrir estos fallos mientras trabajamos con las herramientas del hojo undo en vez de esperar hasta que nos encontremos con un enemigo.
Hojo undo: las raíces de Okinawa
Excepto el makiwara, pocas de las demás herramientas del hojo undo pasaron de Okinawa a Japón en los primeros años del siglo XX. Pero incluso entonces, el arte de combate de Okinawa comenzaba a expandirse más allá de sus costas, dando sus primeros pasos hacia el fenómeno mundial que es hoy. ¿Quién no ha escuchado nunca la palabra Karate? Aunque conocen el nombre, pocos conocen el Karate por experiencia, e incluso menos pueden afirmar entenderlo. Esto se debe a que captar la verdadera profundidad del Karate lleva a menudo más de una vida. Más allá de las técnicas de lucha y la adquisición de grados y títulos codiciados por muchos hoy en días se asientan los verdaderos valores que encontramos en las artes marciales tradicionales, la perfección del carácter por medio del entrenamiento exhaustivo. Incluso así, la práctica seria de Karate durante muchos años no perfeccionará el veradero carácter de una persona, pero sí lo revelará.
Llamado a veces "acondicionamiento", hojo undo juega un papel importante en el conjunto de la educación del karateka. Aunque la mayotía del Karate se practica mejor con un compañero de entrenamiento, las herramientas que se presentan en este artículo también proveen resistencia e impacto, y con el tiempo ayudarán a mejorar el nivel de aquellos que siguen este tipo de entrenamiento. El aumento de la masa muscular, la respiración y coordinación del cuerpo y una mayor fueza física son sólo algunos de los beneficios inherentes al hojo undo. Estas solas razones hacen ya que merezca la pena practicarlo. El Karate de Okinawa se basa en cuatro principales puntos: aptitud, fuerza, estrategia y aplicación. El hojo undo constituye el principio del segundo punto.
Hojo Undo: Makiwara
Quizá la herramienta más famosa del panteón del hojo undo sea el makiwara, un sólido poste afirmado al suelo o a un muro, de no más de diez centímetros de ancho y acolchado en la parte se arriba para acomodar al puño, que va a golpearlo repetidamente. Ese aparato se usa mucho dondequiera que se junten karateka para entrenar. Además del seiken (puño frontal), donde sólo golpean los nudillos de los dedos índice y corazón, también se trabajan en el makiwara uraken (reverso del puño), empi (codo), shuto (canto externo de la mano) y haito (canto interno de la mano). Coemnzando lentamente y sin aplicar la máxima fuerza, los golpes se van incrementando tanto en número como en potencia, hasta golpear con nuestros golpes más fuertes. Ningún otro compañero soportará la cantiad de impacto que eventualmente aprenderemos a descargar al makiwara, ni estará preparado para volver a lo mismo al siguiente día.
Hojo Undo: Beneficios
La llave para conseguir beneficios del hojo undo o kigu undo es un entrenamiento diligente durante un largo periodo de tiempo. Deben prevalecer la paciencia y el sentido común cuando se trata de pesos y superficies duras, que serán implacables con aquellos que adolezcan de ambas. Contentate con desarrollar habilidades y potencia lentamente, y al hacerlo aprende a ir más allá de tu límite físico y mental hasta niveles que nunca pensaste posibles. Al hacerlo ganarás confianza al conocer no sólo tus límites, sino tu potencial también. Este entrenamiento no es solamente un entreno de pesos pasado de moda, de una época antes de que existieran gimnasios en casa y spas para la salud; es una parte integral de la educación del Karate. En esencia es una oportunidad para conectar un esfuerzo físico extenuante con una mente calmada y con determinación, y la habilidad para conseguirlo bajo presión es un arma poderosa.
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